Ramayana (Devanagari and IAST romanization).Ramayana of Valmiki(English translation is available at ).↑ Indian Wisdom Or Examples of the Religious, Philosophical, And Ethical Doctrines of the Hindus, by Monier Williams, Published 2006.↑ das, Krishna Dharma., The Ramayana pp.↑ Goldman, Robert P., The Ramayana of Valmiki: An Epic of Ancient India pp.↑ Brockington, John (2003), "The Sanskrit Epics", in Flood, Gavin, Blackwell companion to Hinduism, Blackwell Publishing, pp.Dutt cites Ramayana, Book VII, "Uttra-Kinda". ↑ Romesh Dutt, "Epilogue by the Translator", Ramayana, The Epic of Rama, Prince of India, London, J.M.Rama is said to have been born in the Treta Yuga to King Daśaratha in ikshuaku vansh (clan) External links Cultural evidence (the presence of sati in the Mahabharata but not in the main body of the Ramayana) suggests that the Ramayana predates the Mahabharata Traditionally the epic belongs to the Treta Yuga, one of the four eons (yuga) of Hindu chronology, and is dated as far back as 880,000 years in the past. The characters of Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, Bharata, Hanumān and Rāvana (the villain of the piece) are all fundamental to the cultural consciousness of India.Īccording to literary scholarship, the main body of the Ramayana first appeared as an oral composition somewhere between 750 to 500 BC. Thematically, the epic explores themes of human existence and the concept of dharma. The Rāmāyaṇa consists of 24,000 verses in seven books, and 500 cantos (kāṇḍas) and tells the story of Rāma, whose wife Sita is abducted by the demon (Rākshasa) king of Lanka, Rāvana. The name Rāmāyaṇa is a tatpurusha compound of Rāma and ayana "going, advancing", translating to "Rāma's Journey". Valmiki Ramayana has been traditionally divided into seven books known as Kanda, dealing with the life of Rama from his birth to his death.
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